Private Money and Management Are Transforming America’s Downtowns

Over the past several years, we have seen a new, decided focus in many American cities of all sizes on redeveloping and renewing their cores. One key way this transformation is happening is through the building of new urban parks and public spaces in the city center. Yet, one of the great challenges is how to develop these vital parks and public spaces without straining government budgets. An effective solution? Private funding and management.

Where We Met, a giant air-supported art installation by Janet Echelman, covers a portion of the new LeBauer Park in downtown Greensboro, North Carolina. (© OJB Landscape Architecture, Courtesy of LeBauer Park)

Where We Met, a giant air-supported art installation by Janet Echelman, covers a portion of the new LeBauer Park in downtown Greensboro, North Carolina. (© OJB Landscape Architecture, courtesy of LeBauer Park)

Over the past several years, we have seen a new, decided focus in many American cities of all sizes on redeveloping and renewing their cores, reversing trends toward suburban growth that isolated residents and crippled once-vibrant downtowns that often served as a city’s heart and soul.

One key way this transformation is happening is through the building of new urban parks and public spaces in the city center. These “front yards” are not simply green relief from asphalt, concrete, and hardscapes. They are spurring connections among residents, promoting education, and equally important, driving economic growth and community development.

Yet, one of the great challenges is how to develop these vital parks and public spaces without straining government budgets. While these spaces are proving their worth as community and economic drivers, there are equally important investments in many other areas that also must be funded from tax dollars. An effective solution? Private funding and management.

Interested individuals and philanthropic organizations are teaming up with local governments to help address this challenge, creating a resurgence among American cities in transforming their core. An excellent example of this is our firm’s most recent project, the $10 million Carolyn & Maurice LeBauer Park in downtown Greensboro, North Carolina, for which we provided consultation to the city on creating, managing, and programming the facility. The park is the centerpiece of nearly $300 million in public/private partnerships and private investments that are driving the revitalization of this southeastern city’s downtown and surrounding areas.

LeBauer Park, the construction of which was made possible by a bequest of a local family on land provided by the city, is more than just another passive green space. It has been designed to function as a multidimensional community gathering place, with entertainment, educational, athletic, relaxation, and cultural areas, including a performance pavilion and event lawn that can accommodate 4,000 people, an interactive fountain, a children’s park, a dog park, a putting green, a reading room, food and beverage cafés, a play-space sculpture designed to engage those with sensory processing disorders, more than one acre (0.4 ha) of ornamental gardens, and an art installation by sculptor Janet Echelman.

LeBauer Park, which opened this summer, will offer a dense schedule of daily programs that are free and open to the public, including live music performances, movie screenings, fitness/wellness classes, art classes, literary programs, dance classes, and kids and family programs. As the city’s front yard, LeBauer Park has been designed to attract every demographic segment of Greensboro’s population, along with visitors to the city and potential residents and businesses considering locating downtown.

We expect and hope that this trend—the focus on renewing urban cores, often through parks and public spaces made possible by private support—will continue. Spaces such as LeBauer Park are improving the quality of life, building sociability and community, and driving economic development, paying great dividends on a modest investment to Greensboro and many other cities across the country.

Dan Biederman, founder and president of Biederman Redevelopment Ventures, is active in the field of privately funded urban and public space management. The firm has revived and activated spaces such as Bryant Park in New York City, Klyde Warren Park in Dallas, Military Park in Newark, Schenley Plaza in Pittsburgh, and most recently LeBauer Park in Greensboro, North Carolina.

Dan Biederman began his career by turning around dangerous and neglected areas of midtown Manhattan. During the 1980s he created Bryant Park Corporation, 34th Street Partnership, and Grand Central Partnership, and currently serves as the President of the first two of those downtown management organizations. His private consulting firm, BRV Corp., grew out of this work and has since served as a consultant and operator of other downtown redevelopment/management efforts in Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Atlanta, Miami, Pittsburgh, Baltimore, and Newark, among many other cities. Bryant Park Corporation, founded in 1980 by Mr. Biederman with the assistance of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, is one of the largest efforts in the nation to apply private management backed by private funding to a public park. The park reopened in 1991 with a budget six times the level under prior city management, and has been a huge success with public, press, and nearby institutions. Crime in the critical nine-acre area managed by BPRC has been reduced by almost 100% since the Corporation’s founding. Today’s Bryant Park is favorably compared with the great parks of London and Paris, and was the 1996 winner of the Urban Land Institute Excellence Award for public projects, as well as many other awards from design, real estate, and redevelopment groups. The park’s upgrade has generated over $2 billion in incremental real estate value just for its 33 abutting properties. 34th Street Partnership, founded in 1989 by Mr. Biederman with property-owners Peter Malkin and James Kuhn, covers a critical area with over 33 million square feet of commercial space, including Pennsylvania Station, Madison Square Garden, the Herald Square shopping district, and the Empire State Building. In January of 1992, the Partnership opened with a $6 million annual program of security, sanitation, social services, tourist information, public events, and debt service on a major capital improvement bond of $25 million for to the district’s street, sidewalks, and plazas. The district has radically widened its programs and resources since then. Crime has been reduced by 90%, the streets are free of litter and dozens of retailers have been helped to upgrade their facades and merchandising. Mr. Biederman applied the lessons of Bryant Park to the reconstruction of Herald and Greeley Square parks, two traffic islands that form a bow-tie at 34th Street & Broadway. Once poorly maintained drug havens, the areas have been transformed into small parks that utilize the same successful elements as Bryant Park - from movable chairs and lavish gardens to diligent security and sanitation forces. The Partnership received this year’s Special Achievement award from the International Downtown Association for the renovation of the Squares. Among the most visible improvements that Mr. Biederman initiated throughout the 34th Street District are the various streetscape projects. These include new lighting, street signs, street furniture, plantings, structures such as information kiosks, and numerous other amenities whose distinctive designs help “brand” the district and whose presence is the physical reflection of the area’s transformation and revitalization. The Partnership created all these projects in-house, and manages and maintains them on an ongoing basis. It was the first BID to take this important step, creating custom streetscape projects that address the practical and aesthetic problems of today’s urban environment. The Partnership has received many awards for its pioneering work, including the 2003 Society for Environmental Graphic Design Award for its Self-Illuminated Street Sign, and the NYC Department of Small Business Services 2003 Neighborhood Development Award and Urban Land Institute’s 2005 Award for Excellence for its line of Custom Designed Street Furniture. Mr. Biederman has written, lectured, and taught extensively in the field of urban management. In December of 1995, he served on a twelve member advisory panel convened in Oklahoma City by the Urban Land Institute to explore strategies for the economic recovery of the downtown area in the aftermath of the April 19, 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building. His publications include articles in Urban Land and the Harvard Business Review. Mr. Biederman is a magna cum laude graduate of Princeton University, with an A.B. from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs in 1975. He also earned an M.B.A. with Distinction from Harvard University’s Graduate School of Business Administration in 1977. Mr. Biederman is an active member of the Urban Land Institute and the International Downtown Association. He is a member of the board of NYC & Company, and serves as treasurer of the 42nd Street Development Corporation. Mr. Biederman was a founding partner of Edison Schools in 1991, contributing to the design and business plan for the nation’s earliest for-profit school operating company. Married for 33 years to the fine arts lawyer and author Susan Duke Biederman, he has a 28-year-old son, Robert, and a 22-year-old daughter, Brooke.
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